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Dongguan Mingzhen Rubber & Plastic Products Co., Ltd.

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Dongguan Minz Rubber & Plastics Co., Ltd.

Add.: No.4, New Industrial Road, Shipai Tangwei, shipai town, Dongguan City
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Material Selection of O-ring Seal

Release time:

2019-06-11 12:30

Source:

O-ring sealSelection of materials
 
O-ring sealThe choice of materials is of great significance to its sealing performance and service life. The performance of the material directly affects the performance of the O-ring seal. In addition to the general requirements for sealing ring materials, the following conditions should be noted for O-rings:
 
1) flexible and resilient;

2) Appropriate mechanical strength, including expansion strength, elongation and tear strength.

3) Stable performance, not easy to swell in the medium, and small thermal shrinkage effect (Joule effect).

4) Easy to process and form, and can maintain precise dimensions.

5) Do not corrode the contact surface, do not pollute the medium, etc.
The suitable and commonly used material to meet the above requirements is rubber, so the O-ring seal is mostly made of rubber material. There are many varieties of rubber, and new rubber varieties are constantly emerging. When designing, you should understand the characteristics of various rubbers and choose them reasonably. When selecting the O-ring seal material, pay attention to the following factors:
 
1) The working state of the O-ring refers to whether the O-ring is used for static sealing or dynamic sealing, and whether it is used in reciprocating motion or rotary motion.
2) The working state of the machine refers to whether the machine is in a continuous working state or in an intermittent working state, and it is necessary to consider the length of each intermittent time and whether there is an impact load acting on the sealing part.
3) The working medium is liquid or gas, and its physical and chemical properties should be taken into account.
4) Working pressure The size, fluctuation range and instantaneous large pressure of working pressure.
5) The working temperature includes the instantaneous temperature and the temperature when the cold and heat alternate.
6) Price and source, etc.
 
Most O-rings are made of nitrile rubber of various grades and hardness (e. g., 40 to 90 degrees). Among them, a typical common material is a low-medium nitrile rubber with a hardness of about 75 degrees. Nitrile rubber has good heat resistance, it can work in the range of 100~120 ℃. Nitrile rubber has good resistance to mineral oil and lipids, and has a wide range of working fluids (including water and ethylene glycol). The formula of rubber is different, and the applicability of the medium is also different.
Generally speaking, nitrile rubber is oil resistant; chloroprene rubber has good weather resistance and ozone resistance; acrylate rubber and fluorine rubber are heat resistant; polyurethane rubber is resistant to high pressure and wear; copolymer chloroprene rubber is resistant to low temperature and oil. The formula of rubber is different, the composition is different, and the applicability of the medium is also different. For example, nitrile rubber is divided into high, medium and low according to the different nitrile content. The higher the nitrile content, the better the oil resistance. In some applications, where nitrile seals have limited performance or lack of compatibility with certain working fluids, various other materials may be used.

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